The Sustainable Effects of Blockchain and AI in Supporting ESG GoalsPages 92-105
Abstract:
This study investigates research trends on the integration of blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI) into Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) objectives through a bibliometric analysis of 358 publications indexed in the Web of Science from 2015 to 2025. The results reveal an accelerating research trajectory, with a sharp rise after 2020, reflecting the growing importance of digital technologies in sustainability discourse. Business and Economics dominate the field, followed by Environmental Sciences and technical disciplines, while social equity goals remain underexplored. Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) mapping shows strong alignment with SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) and SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), whereas goals such as poverty reduction and gender equality receive minimal attention. Geographically, China and the United States lead contributions, with Europe and emerging economies showing expanding engagement. Keyword co-occurrence analysis uncovers eight thematic clusters, spanning financial innovation, digital transformation, governance, performance measurement, ethics, and technological opportunities. Together, these findings reveal a shift from conceptual ESG discussions to technology-enabled implementation, highlighting both opportunities and research gaps. The study provides a roadmap for future interdisciplinary research and offers guidance for policymakers and practitioners seeking to harness blockchain and AI to advance global sustainability.
Keywords: Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence, ESG, Sustainable Development Goals, Research Trends, Bibliometric Analysis
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